Habitats

Freshwater Marshes

Ducks thrive in freshwater marshes, wetlands, and ponds, which are arguably their most classic habitats. These environments are ideal because they offer a perfect combination of shallow water and dense vegetation. The shallow areas allow dabbling ducks, like Mallards, to tip forward and feed on submerged plants, seeds, and invertebrates without having to dive. The surrounding cattails, reeds, and grasses provide excellent cover from predators and secure, hidden locations for nesting. This rich ecosystem acts as an all-in-one resource, offering abundant food, shelter from the elements, and a safe nursery for raising ducklings.

Coastal Estuaries

Coastal estuaries and salt marshes provide a completely different but equally important habitat for many duck species, especially during winter migration. Here, freshwater from rivers mixes with saltwater from the ocean, creating a unique, nutrient-rich environment. Ducks in these areas, such as Eiders and Scoters, adapt their diet to feed on saltwater mussels, clams, and crustaceans. The constant tidal flow of estuaries prevents the water from freezing in colder climates, ensuring a reliable food source throughout the winter. While the vegetation is different from freshwater marshes, the expansive tidal flats and cordgrass fields still offer protection and ample foraging opportunities.